RHLUG Wiki - User contributions [en]

Надёжный vpsnl.ru kvm nvme

2026-04-07T18:34:32Z

192.168.122.1: Created page with "== Надёжный vpsnl.ru kvm nvme == Оптимальные решения VPS сервер Нидерланды для бизнеса [https://vpsnl.ru/ vpsnl.ru] vps нидерланды становится популярным выбором. Европейские стандарты качества гарантируют стабильность. Низкая задержка важна для онлайн-проектов. Параметры надежно..."

== Надёжный vpsnl.ru kvm nvme ==
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Провайдеры хостинг vps нидерланды предлагают выбор панелей. Используйте cPanel, Plesk или Vestacp. Это упрощает администрирование сервера.

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Как выбрать быстрые ipv6 прокси серверы для соцсетей

2026-04-02T20:34:26Z

192.168.122.1: Created page with "== Как выбрать быстрые ipv6 прокси серверы для соцсетей == Почему купить ipv6 прокси — умное решение https://nl-vps.ru/ipv6-proksi-kupit-legko-i-vygodno/ ipv6 прокси для GSA - В современном интернете анонимность становится необходимостью. Многие пользователи ищут надёжные инструменты для..."

== Как выбрать быстрые ipv6 прокси серверы для соцсетей ==
Почему купить ipv6 прокси — умное решение

[[https://nl-vps.ru/ipv6-proksi-kupit-legko-i-vygodno/ ipv6 прокси для GSA]] - В современном интернете анонимность становится необходимостью. Многие пользователи ищут надёжные инструменты для обхода блокировок. Именно здесь на помощь приходят современные технологии. Они позволяют работать с сетью на новом уровне. Далее разберём все ключевые аспекты выбора.

Основные плюсы ipv6 прокси недорого

Огромный пул адресов — главный козырь. В отличие от устаревшего IPv4, здесь ограничений почти нет. Это напрямую влияет на ipv6 прокси цена. Каждый сервер получает уникальный "чистый" адрес. Риск бана соседнего пользователя полностью исключён. Скорость работы остаётся максимально высокой. Провайдеры не могут заблокировать отдельный IP. Анонимность повышается кардинально.

Где купить ipv6 прокси с ротацией

Выбор продавца требует внимания к деталям. Лучшие площадки предлагают бесплатный тестовый период. Вы сможете проверить скорость и стабильность канала. Ipv6 прокси для xevil требуют особого протокола. Убедитесь в поддержке HTTP/HTTPS и SOCKS5. Читайте отзывы на форумах вебмастеров. Сравните условия возврата средств. Помните о круглосуточной технической поддержке.

Как использовать ipv6 прокси в GSA Search Engine Ranker

Программа GSA требует пула свежих адресов. Ipv6 прокси для GSA идеально подходит для масс-постинга. Настройка занимает не более пяти минут. Укажите формат IP:порт:логин:пароль. Активируйте проверку работоспособности перед стартом. Установите ротацию после каждой ошибки. Ipv6 прокси цена при этом остаётся низкой. Автоматическая смена адресов повышает успех. Не забывайте про лимит потоков в софте.

Что выгоднее: ipv6 прокси цена против классики

Стоимость одного IPv6 адреса копеечная. Провайдеры часто дают их в подарок. Однако публичные прокси требуют оплаты. Ipv6 прокси недорого можно взять от 50 рублей. За эти деньги вы получите до 1000 адресов. IPv4 обойдётся в десятки раз дороже. Экономия бюджета очевидна для всех. Ipv6 прокси для xevil ещё и быстрее работают. Пинг обычно ниже из-за современного оборудования.

Как проверить заказать ipv6 прокси перед покупкой

Поддержка IPv6 должна быть у вашего провайдера. Без неё технология просто не заработает. Проверьте на сайте test-ipv6.com. Ipv6 прокси для GSA работает через любой софт. Но ядро системы должно понимать этот протокол. Windows 10 и новее поддерживает из коробки. На Linux потребуется пара команд. Ipv6 прокси цена ниже у резидентских вариантов. Они сложнее обнаруживаются сайтами.

Как XEvil работает через ipv6 прокси

XEvil — популярный решатель капчи нового поколения. Ipv6 прокси для xevil обеспечивает обход гео-блокировок. Программа сама подставляет новый адрес. Это увеличивает процент успешных решений. Ipv6 прокси недорого позволяют нагружать софт сильнее. Вы не боитесь банов по IP. Сессия работы становится стабильнее. Ipv6 прокси для GSA тоже часто используют связку. Комплекс даёт максимальный результат.

Где заказать ipv6 прокси с посуточной оплатой

Рассмотрим проверенные временем магазины. Первое место занимает Proxy6 с автоматической выдачей. Второе — LimeProxy с поддержкой Telegram-бота. Третье — FineProxy с огромным выбором стран. Ipv6 прокси недорого там стоят от 30 рублей. Все сервисы дают гарантию 24 часа. Ipv6 прокси для xevil можно тестировать бесплатно. При проблемах средства возвращают на счёт. Выбирайте вариант с прокси-листом в txt.

Эффективный парсинг через заказать ipv6 прокси

Парсеры отправляют тысячи запросов за минуту. Без прокси ваш IP забанят очень быстро. Ipv6 прокси цена позволяет ставить пул из 500 адресов. Каждый запрос идёт с новой точки входа. Так вы собираете данные незаметно для сайта. Ipv6 прокси для GSA отлично подходят под эту задачу. Программа сама управляет ротацией. Главное — настроить таймауты правильно. И тогда сбор данных станет идеальным.

Защита данных через ipv6 прокси для бизнеса

Даже дешёвые прокси могут быть опасны. Недобросовестные продавцы логируют ваш трафик. Поэтому всегда читайте пользовательское соглашение. Ipv6 прокси недорого от надёжного сервиса — ок. А от ноунейма лучше отказаться. Используйте связку прокси + VPN. Так вы зашифруете все исходящие данные. Ipv6 прокси для xevil требуют HTTPS соединения. Проверяйте поддержку шифрования в настройках.

Автоматизация процессов через ipv6 прокси для GSA

GSA умеет подтягивать прокси по API. Многие сервисы выдают ссылку для автообновления. Ipv6 прокси для GSA тогда меняются каждые 10 минут. Это идеально для SEO-прогонов высокого качества. Ipv6 прокси цена в месяц составит копейки. Настройте проверку живых адресов в самом софте. Укажите максимальное число потоков — 100. И ваша кампания пойдёт как по маслу. Результаты не заставят себя ждать.

Ответы на частые вопросы про ipv6 прокси

Сколько адресов дают в одной подсетке? Обычно от 65 тысяч штук. Можно ли использовать их на двух серверах? Да, если провайдер не запрещает. Ipv6 прокси недорого часто работают с ограничением. Что лучше — IPv6 или IPv4? Для анонимности однозначно IPv6. Ipv6 прокси для xevil показывают отличные результаты. Подходит ли для Instagram? Да, но нужны мобильные. Ipv6 прокси цена на жильцов выше в 10 раз.

Будущее технологий: купить ipv6 прокси сейчас

IPv4 адреса полностью исчерпаны миром. Переход на шестую версию неизбежен. Поэтому учиться работать с ней надо сейчас. Ipv6 прокси цена будет только снижаться. А качество и скорость — расти. Ipv6 прокси для GSA уже сейчас дают фору. Конкуренты на IPv4 отстают из-за банов. Ipv6 прокси недорого станут стандартом индустрии. Не откладывайте знакомство с технологией. Начните тесты уже на этой неделе.

Практический чек-лист: купить ipv6 прокси и запустить

Шаг первый — проверьте поддержку вашего ПК. Шаг второй — найдите надёжного продавца. Шаг третий — оплатите минимальный тариф. Шаг четвёртый — скачайте файл с прокси-листом. Шаг пятый — вставьте данные в программу. Шаг шестой — запустите проверку на 5 адресах. Шаг седьмой — начните работу с низкой скоростью. Ipv6 прокси для GSA настраивается аналогично. При проблемах пишите в техподдержку. Удачи в ваших проектах!

Bitstarz Bonus Code

2026-03-12T04:36:37Z

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Linux Basics Tutorial

2025-10-30T17:58:43Z

192.168.122.1: untest

Credit to kunherdm for writing this awesome tutorial! Things might have changed since Spring 2018 (this was most recently updated on 4/19/18), it is provided for historical purposes.
== Background ==

This tutorial is intended to help bring you from the point of knowing nothing about how Linux works, to being able to effectively use Linux for most applications, or at least give you a basis to learn more elsewhere. We assume you have already installed a Linux OS, perhaps at an Installfest event. It also assumes you know the basics of computer use in an OS like Windows. The information in this tutorial is specifically tailored to the Ubuntu distribution of Linux, but if you have a different one, the instructions given here may still apply.

== Ubuntu Basics ==

The standard Ubuntu interface is set up to make it easy for you to launch and manage applications without needing to worry about using the console. Of course, if you choose to use the console, you are able to do a lot more with the inner workings of your computer, and make your daily computer use much more efficient. Most of this tutorial regards this more complex form of Linux use, but if you just want the very most basic computer experience, you can just use the standard interface. This section will explain the basics.

=== The Application Menu ===

The application menu is where you can launch new applications that are not currently running. You can also use it to search for files on your computer. You can think of it like the "Start" button in Windows. The button to launch the application menu is located on the sidebar, and depending on the version of Ubuntu you use, it could either look like the circular Ubuntu logo, or a grid of 9 dots (similarly to a generic "app menu").

From here, you can see recently used apps, or type a keyword to search for applications or files. Ubuntu will sort files and applications by category.

=== General Use Applications ===

The following are some applications that the typical Ubuntu user might use. These all happen to be pre-installed with Ubuntu, but if you want, you can install different software and use that (more on that later):

* '''Firefox''' - A popular web browser.

* '''Thunderbird''' - A desktop email client by the makers of Firefox. Note: Thunderbird may not play well with Rose-Hulman's exchange server, so if you have trouble connecting it, '''Evolution''' is a nice alternative.

* '''LibreOffice''' - An office suite with apps for documents, presentations, and spreadsheets. Similar to Microsoft Office, but without all of its fanciest features.

* '''Files''' - Ubuntu's built-in file browser, follows most of the same conventions as Windows Explorer (e.g. ctrl+c to copy, ctrl+v to paste, shift+del to permanently delete, etc).

=== Ubuntu Software ===

The Ubuntu Software app is a tool to easily search for and install new software, similarly to an app store on other OS's. You can use this to install alternatives to pre-installed software (like Google Chrome), or software for completely new uses (like Spotify).

== Using Bash ==

From this point on, we will start to get into more complex Linux use. The tools listed here are powerful enough to greatly enhance your experience using Linux, or if you're not careful, you can accidentally harm your computer, perhaps even permanently! If you have any doubt as to whether a command will have any unintended consequences for your system, feel free to ask any member of RHLUG for help or advice.

Bash, or the '''B'''ourne '''A'''gain '''Sh'''ell, is the standard tool for interacting with your computer through a text console. Because it uses text commands for everything, it can easily be used to specify the exact behavior you want, or even automate commands!

In this tutorial, we will give console commands in the following format:

<code>$ command</code>

The "$" sign here indicates that this is a console command, and will likely appear as a console prompt before you type in the real command. So, if you're copying the command into your own console, you should omit the "$" and the space that comes after it.

Also, we will be using the words "Bash," "console," "terminal," and "shell" interchangably. There are technical differences between these terms, but for the purposes of this tutorial, the differences aren't very major.

To open a console window in Ubuntu, click the "Console" button on the sidebar, or press Ctrl+Alt+T.

=== The Working Directory ===

Navigation in Bash (and any type of command-line interface, really) is based on the concept of a "working directory," the folder you are thought to be "within" at the moment. Your working directory is often shown in the terminal prompt, before the "$" symbol. When you first start up a terminal in Ubuntu, the default for the starting working directory is "~", which is a symbol that evaluates to your "home" directory, which can be thought of as your personal user folder (more on that later).

When you execute commands that take a filepath (such as <code>rm</code>, which deletes a file), those filepaths are relative to your working directory. So, if you want to delete "~/filetodelete.txt", and your working directory is "~", you can simply type:

<code>$ rm filetodelete.txt</code>

and Bash will know you mean the file in the ~ directory.

=== Navigation ===

The following commands and symbols are used to navigate directories:

* '''pwd''' (or '''p'''rint '''w'''orking '''d'''irectory) - Prints the working directory to the console.

* '''cd''' (or '''c'''hange '''d'''irectory) - Changes the working directory to the one given as an argument. If your working directory is "~", and you execute <code>$ cd myfolder</code>, your working directory will now be "~/myfolder/" (assuming that folder exists).

* '''.''' - A symbol that evaluates to the working directory. You can use this to, for example, run an executable file in the current directory: <code>$ ./myprogram</code>

* '''..''' - A symbol that evaluates to the parent of the working directory. If your working directory is "~/myfolder/", and you execute <code>$ cd ..</code>, your working directory will now be "~".

=== Other Useful Bash Commands ===

The following commands are used for simple operations from the command line:

* '''ls''' (or '''l'''i'''s'''t): Lists (non-hidden) files and folders in the working directory, or in a directory given as an argument. It is common to use this with the arguments "l", "a", and "h" to show hidden files, show more details on the files, and print the results in a nicer format: <code>$ ls -lah</code>

* '''mkdir''' (or '''m'''a'''k'''e '''dir'''ectory): Creates a new directory in the working directory, with the name given in an argument

* '''rm''' (or '''r'''e'''m'''ove): Deletes a file or directory in the working directory. If you are deleting a non-empty directory, you will need to use <code>rm -rf</code> to tell it to delete the entire tree recursively, and force it to delete, even though there are files there.

* '''mv''' (or '''m'''o'''v'''e): Moves a file or directory given in the first argument, to the directory given in the second argument.

* '''cp''' (or '''c'''o'''p'''y): Copies a file or directory given in the first argument, to the directory given in the second argument.

* '''cat''' (or con'''cat'''enate): Prints the contents of a file given in an argument, to the console.

* '''echo''': Prints the fully-evaluated form of the argument given. For example, <code>$ echo ~</code> prints the fully-evaulated form of your home directory, which is likely "/home/[your username]"

=== Special Bash Tools ===

The following symbols can help make working in Bash easier:

* '''!!''': Evaluates to the previous command you entered. You can also add on other text. So, for example, <code>$sudo !!</code> puts <code>sudo</code> before your previous command, and runs it. The use of <code>sudo</code> will be discussed later in this tutorial.

* '''&''': Putting this at the end of a command will run that command in the background, meaning you will be able to keep using the same shell to do other commands, while the current command is still running. This is useful if you want to launch an application from the command line, but don't want to be locked out of Bash while it's running.

* '''&&''': This lets you run two commands in one. For example, <code>$ echo firstcommand && echo secondcommand</code> will output the two arguments, each on its own line.

* '''>''': This will take the output of a command on its left, and put it into a file specified on its right. For example, <code>$ echo hi > tmp.txt</code> will put the word "hi" into the file tmp.txt, creating it if it doesn't exist.

* '''|''': This will take the output of a command on its left, run the command on the right, and feed that output into the right command's input. This is a more complicated one, but it's particularly useful for commands that look for "matches" of a pattern in some block of text, like <code>grep</code>.

* '''*''': This is the "wildcard" character, acting like a keyword that matches anything. For example, <code>$ rm *</code> will remove all files from your working directory. <code>$ rm *.txt</code> will only remove files ending in ".txt".

== Users and Permissions ==

The permission system in Linux is very useful, as it allows for more specific restrictions than in an OS like Windows. Instead of users being either normal users or administrators, there is only one administrator account, called "root". The root account has total control over the computer. The main idea behind this is that no one will ever log in directly as root. Instead, normal accounts can be added to a list called "sudoers". Accounts in this list have access to a command called "sudo" (or '''s'''uper'''u'''ser '''do''') that allows them to perform an action "as root". This is similar to running something as an administrator in Windows.

To be able to do certain actions, such as editing a protected file, a sudoer user can append <code>sudo</code> to the beginning of the command. This will prompt them for their own password, and when they enter it, the command will be run as root. Then, once the command is completed, they are back to their normal user status. This makes sure that users don't accidentally do any actions as root that they don't intend to.

Actual permissions for what files can be modified (and by whom) are also slightly different than in Windows. Any file or directory has three permissions associated with them ('''r'''ead, '''w'''rite, and e'''x'''ecute), and those permissions can be associated with a particular user, a user group, or all users.

The command <code>chmod</code> changes the permissions of a file or directory. You can either add or remove individual permissions (+x, -w, etc), or supply a number that, when each digit is translated into binary, results in a bitstring representing the permissions. For example, <code>$ chmod 777 myfile</code> allows all users to do everything with myfile, as all the bits will be 1.

Files and directories can also be "owned" by a user. The "user" set of permissions specifically applies to the owner of the file. So, if you want a file to only be accessible by a particular user, you can use <code>chown</code> to change the ownership, and <code>chmod</code> to change the permissions to 700 (i.e. full permissions for user, no permissions for anyone else).

== The Filesystem ==

The way files are stored in Linux is somewhat different from how it works in Windows. The idea of files and directories is the same, but at the top level, there are some major differences. In Windows, the top-level file structure is a drive, like the C drive. In Linux, the physical drives don't actually hold the top-level position in the filesystem. Instead, there's a single root directory, called "/", that is the top-level directory for the filesystem. Below that are all the directories that make up your system.

One of the most important directories is "/home/". This directory contains the home directory for each user on the system. For example, "/home/my_user/" is the home directory for my_user. This directory is that user's main location for documents and other user-specific data. In bash, the symbol "~" evaluates to the home directory of the current user. For example, if you are logged in as my_user, and execute <code>$ cd ~</code>, your working directory will change to "/home/my_user/".

The following are some useful directories on your system to know about:

* '''/bin/''': Contains executables, or '''bin'''aries, for software that's used by all users on the machine.

* '''/tmp/''': A useful place to put '''t'''e'''mp'''orary files that you're currently working with. This directory is emptied every time you reboot your computer, so be careful to not put anything important in there!

* '''/etc/''': Contains configuration/options files for software on the machine.

* '''/usr/''': Often contains data that software needs in order to run.

== Using the Package Manager (apt/apt-get) ==

One of the most useful functions of Linux is the use of package managers. This is a way of installing software that is very different than in Windows. The idea is to automate the updating of software and the management of software dependencies. So, if you want, you could theoretically update all the software on your machine at once.

This is done through keeping track of all the software, or "packages", installed on your machine. So, installing software is done through the package manager. Then, you can run a single update function, and the package manager will go through and update everything it's keeping track of.

The package manager used in Ubuntu is called "apt" (formerly called "apt-get" - the usage is entirely the same; apt just looks nicer). Following are some useful commands that use apt:

'''NOTE''': apt requires that it is run as root, so all of these commands should have "sudo" before them.

* '''apt install''': Installs the package given as an argument.

* '''apt remove''': Uninstalls the package given as an argument. Does not uninstall dependencies for that package, in case other packages need it.

* '''apt update''': Downloads information on what upgrades are available for packages. Does not actually perform those updates.

* '''apt upgrade''': Updates all software that it has new updates for. You'll typically want to run <code>$ sudo apt update</code> before this so that you'll have the most up-to-date updates.

* '''apt autoremove''': Uninstalls all dependencies that are no longer needed for packages you've installed. For example, if package x depends on package y, and you remove package x, you can use <code>$ sudo apt autoremove</code> to remove package y.

* '''add-apt-repository''': Adds a new location to look for package information. apt comes with a preinstalled set of standard repositories, but to extend the amount of software you can install, you'll need to add new repositories.

Typically, if you want to install something from online (and it's available for Linux), it will have code snippets you can run to use apt to install it.

== Useful Command-Line Utilities ==

Following are some useful programs you can run at the command line for various purposes:

=== Text Editors ===

Command-line editors are useful for making quick edits to files without making any new windows.

* '''nano''': The most "modernized" common command-line editor. You can navigate through a file using the arrow keys, and type your changes just like you would in a notepad software. Also comes with a list of keyboard shortcuts that always shows up at the bottom (The ^ symbol means "ctrl+").

* '''vim''' (or '''vi'''): Useful for making complex changes in large files. Has a harder learning curve than nano, as it uses different "modes" with different keybindings.

* '''emacs''': Has keybinds optimized for quick navigation through files.

=== Misc. ===

* '''top''': Shows you information about your system as a whole, and processes running on it. You can install "htop" to make this look nicer.

* '''man''': Shows you the '''man'''ual for a given Linux command. Very useful for if you're not sure how something works or what arguments it needs.

* '''grep''': Searches through text to find matches. Useful for if you have a very large result of a command, or a very large file, and want to find a specific part, or a part about a specific keyword.

== Conclusion ==

This document was intended to give a full basis for a wide variety of uses of Linux. If you have any further questions, or are confused about anything on this page, ask anyone in the Rose-Hulman Linux Users Group.

Linux Basics Tutorial

2025-10-30T17:52:47Z

192.168.122.1: test

Credit to kunherdm for writing this awesome tutorial! Things might have changed since Spring 2018 (this was most recently updated on 4/19/18), it is provided for historical purposes. test
== Background ==

This tutorial is intended to help bring you from the point of knowing nothing about how Linux works, to being able to effectively use Linux for most applications, or at least give you a basis to learn more elsewhere. We assume you have already installed a Linux OS, perhaps at an Installfest event. It also assumes you know the basics of computer use in an OS like Windows. The information in this tutorial is specifically tailored to the Ubuntu distribution of Linux, but if you have a different one, the instructions given here may still apply.

== Ubuntu Basics ==

The standard Ubuntu interface is set up to make it easy for you to launch and manage applications without needing to worry about using the console. Of course, if you choose to use the console, you are able to do a lot more with the inner workings of your computer, and make your daily computer use much more efficient. Most of this tutorial regards this more complex form of Linux use, but if you just want the very most basic computer experience, you can just use the standard interface. This section will explain the basics.

=== The Application Menu ===

The application menu is where you can launch new applications that are not currently running. You can also use it to search for files on your computer. You can think of it like the "Start" button in Windows. The button to launch the application menu is located on the sidebar, and depending on the version of Ubuntu you use, it could either look like the circular Ubuntu logo, or a grid of 9 dots (similarly to a generic "app menu").

From here, you can see recently used apps, or type a keyword to search for applications or files. Ubuntu will sort files and applications by category.

=== General Use Applications ===

The following are some applications that the typical Ubuntu user might use. These all happen to be pre-installed with Ubuntu, but if you want, you can install different software and use that (more on that later):

* '''Firefox''' - A popular web browser.

* '''Thunderbird''' - A desktop email client by the makers of Firefox. Note: Thunderbird may not play well with Rose-Hulman's exchange server, so if you have trouble connecting it, '''Evolution''' is a nice alternative.

* '''LibreOffice''' - An office suite with apps for documents, presentations, and spreadsheets. Similar to Microsoft Office, but without all of its fanciest features.

* '''Files''' - Ubuntu's built-in file browser, follows most of the same conventions as Windows Explorer (e.g. ctrl+c to copy, ctrl+v to paste, shift+del to permanently delete, etc).

=== Ubuntu Software ===

The Ubuntu Software app is a tool to easily search for and install new software, similarly to an app store on other OS's. You can use this to install alternatives to pre-installed software (like Google Chrome), or software for completely new uses (like Spotify).

== Using Bash ==

From this point on, we will start to get into more complex Linux use. The tools listed here are powerful enough to greatly enhance your experience using Linux, or if you're not careful, you can accidentally harm your computer, perhaps even permanently! If you have any doubt as to whether a command will have any unintended consequences for your system, feel free to ask any member of RHLUG for help or advice.

Bash, or the '''B'''ourne '''A'''gain '''Sh'''ell, is the standard tool for interacting with your computer through a text console. Because it uses text commands for everything, it can easily be used to specify the exact behavior you want, or even automate commands!

In this tutorial, we will give console commands in the following format:

<code>$ command</code>

The "$" sign here indicates that this is a console command, and will likely appear as a console prompt before you type in the real command. So, if you're copying the command into your own console, you should omit the "$" and the space that comes after it.

Also, we will be using the words "Bash," "console," "terminal," and "shell" interchangably. There are technical differences between these terms, but for the purposes of this tutorial, the differences aren't very major.

To open a console window in Ubuntu, click the "Console" button on the sidebar, or press Ctrl+Alt+T.

=== The Working Directory ===

Navigation in Bash (and any type of command-line interface, really) is based on the concept of a "working directory," the folder you are thought to be "within" at the moment. Your working directory is often shown in the terminal prompt, before the "$" symbol. When you first start up a terminal in Ubuntu, the default for the starting working directory is "~", which is a symbol that evaluates to your "home" directory, which can be thought of as your personal user folder (more on that later).

When you execute commands that take a filepath (such as <code>rm</code>, which deletes a file), those filepaths are relative to your working directory. So, if you want to delete "~/filetodelete.txt", and your working directory is "~", you can simply type:

<code>$ rm filetodelete.txt</code>

and Bash will know you mean the file in the ~ directory.

=== Navigation ===

The following commands and symbols are used to navigate directories:

* '''pwd''' (or '''p'''rint '''w'''orking '''d'''irectory) - Prints the working directory to the console.

* '''cd''' (or '''c'''hange '''d'''irectory) - Changes the working directory to the one given as an argument. If your working directory is "~", and you execute <code>$ cd myfolder</code>, your working directory will now be "~/myfolder/" (assuming that folder exists).

* '''.''' - A symbol that evaluates to the working directory. You can use this to, for example, run an executable file in the current directory: <code>$ ./myprogram</code>

* '''..''' - A symbol that evaluates to the parent of the working directory. If your working directory is "~/myfolder/", and you execute <code>$ cd ..</code>, your working directory will now be "~".

=== Other Useful Bash Commands ===

The following commands are used for simple operations from the command line:

* '''ls''' (or '''l'''i'''s'''t): Lists (non-hidden) files and folders in the working directory, or in a directory given as an argument. It is common to use this with the arguments "l", "a", and "h" to show hidden files, show more details on the files, and print the results in a nicer format: <code>$ ls -lah</code>

* '''mkdir''' (or '''m'''a'''k'''e '''dir'''ectory): Creates a new directory in the working directory, with the name given in an argument

* '''rm''' (or '''r'''e'''m'''ove): Deletes a file or directory in the working directory. If you are deleting a non-empty directory, you will need to use <code>rm -rf</code> to tell it to delete the entire tree recursively, and force it to delete, even though there are files there.

* '''mv''' (or '''m'''o'''v'''e): Moves a file or directory given in the first argument, to the directory given in the second argument.

* '''cp''' (or '''c'''o'''p'''y): Copies a file or directory given in the first argument, to the directory given in the second argument.

* '''cat''' (or con'''cat'''enate): Prints the contents of a file given in an argument, to the console.

* '''echo''': Prints the fully-evaluated form of the argument given. For example, <code>$ echo ~</code> prints the fully-evaulated form of your home directory, which is likely "/home/[your username]"

=== Special Bash Tools ===

The following symbols can help make working in Bash easier:

* '''!!''': Evaluates to the previous command you entered. You can also add on other text. So, for example, <code>$sudo !!</code> puts <code>sudo</code> before your previous command, and runs it. The use of <code>sudo</code> will be discussed later in this tutorial.

* '''&''': Putting this at the end of a command will run that command in the background, meaning you will be able to keep using the same shell to do other commands, while the current command is still running. This is useful if you want to launch an application from the command line, but don't want to be locked out of Bash while it's running.

* '''&&''': This lets you run two commands in one. For example, <code>$ echo firstcommand && echo secondcommand</code> will output the two arguments, each on its own line.

* '''>''': This will take the output of a command on its left, and put it into a file specified on its right. For example, <code>$ echo hi > tmp.txt</code> will put the word "hi" into the file tmp.txt, creating it if it doesn't exist.

* '''|''': This will take the output of a command on its left, run the command on the right, and feed that output into the right command's input. This is a more complicated one, but it's particularly useful for commands that look for "matches" of a pattern in some block of text, like <code>grep</code>.

* '''*''': This is the "wildcard" character, acting like a keyword that matches anything. For example, <code>$ rm *</code> will remove all files from your working directory. <code>$ rm *.txt</code> will only remove files ending in ".txt".

== Users and Permissions ==

The permission system in Linux is very useful, as it allows for more specific restrictions than in an OS like Windows. Instead of users being either normal users or administrators, there is only one administrator account, called "root". The root account has total control over the computer. The main idea behind this is that no one will ever log in directly as root. Instead, normal accounts can be added to a list called "sudoers". Accounts in this list have access to a command called "sudo" (or '''s'''uper'''u'''ser '''do''') that allows them to perform an action "as root". This is similar to running something as an administrator in Windows.

To be able to do certain actions, such as editing a protected file, a sudoer user can append <code>sudo</code> to the beginning of the command. This will prompt them for their own password, and when they enter it, the command will be run as root. Then, once the command is completed, they are back to their normal user status. This makes sure that users don't accidentally do any actions as root that they don't intend to.

Actual permissions for what files can be modified (and by whom) are also slightly different than in Windows. Any file or directory has three permissions associated with them ('''r'''ead, '''w'''rite, and e'''x'''ecute), and those permissions can be associated with a particular user, a user group, or all users.

The command <code>chmod</code> changes the permissions of a file or directory. You can either add or remove individual permissions (+x, -w, etc), or supply a number that, when each digit is translated into binary, results in a bitstring representing the permissions. For example, <code>$ chmod 777 myfile</code> allows all users to do everything with myfile, as all the bits will be 1.

Files and directories can also be "owned" by a user. The "user" set of permissions specifically applies to the owner of the file. So, if you want a file to only be accessible by a particular user, you can use <code>chown</code> to change the ownership, and <code>chmod</code> to change the permissions to 700 (i.e. full permissions for user, no permissions for anyone else).

== The Filesystem ==

The way files are stored in Linux is somewhat different from how it works in Windows. The idea of files and directories is the same, but at the top level, there are some major differences. In Windows, the top-level file structure is a drive, like the C drive. In Linux, the physical drives don't actually hold the top-level position in the filesystem. Instead, there's a single root directory, called "/", that is the top-level directory for the filesystem. Below that are all the directories that make up your system.

One of the most important directories is "/home/". This directory contains the home directory for each user on the system. For example, "/home/my_user/" is the home directory for my_user. This directory is that user's main location for documents and other user-specific data. In bash, the symbol "~" evaluates to the home directory of the current user. For example, if you are logged in as my_user, and execute <code>$ cd ~</code>, your working directory will change to "/home/my_user/".

The following are some useful directories on your system to know about:

* '''/bin/''': Contains executables, or '''bin'''aries, for software that's used by all users on the machine.

* '''/tmp/''': A useful place to put '''t'''e'''mp'''orary files that you're currently working with. This directory is emptied every time you reboot your computer, so be careful to not put anything important in there!

* '''/etc/''': Contains configuration/options files for software on the machine.

* '''/usr/''': Often contains data that software needs in order to run.

== Using the Package Manager (apt/apt-get) ==

One of the most useful functions of Linux is the use of package managers. This is a way of installing software that is very different than in Windows. The idea is to automate the updating of software and the management of software dependencies. So, if you want, you could theoretically update all the software on your machine at once.

This is done through keeping track of all the software, or "packages", installed on your machine. So, installing software is done through the package manager. Then, you can run a single update function, and the package manager will go through and update everything it's keeping track of.

The package manager used in Ubuntu is called "apt" (formerly called "apt-get" - the usage is entirely the same; apt just looks nicer). Following are some useful commands that use apt:

'''NOTE''': apt requires that it is run as root, so all of these commands should have "sudo" before them.

* '''apt install''': Installs the package given as an argument.

* '''apt remove''': Uninstalls the package given as an argument. Does not uninstall dependencies for that package, in case other packages need it.

* '''apt update''': Downloads information on what upgrades are available for packages. Does not actually perform those updates.

* '''apt upgrade''': Updates all software that it has new updates for. You'll typically want to run <code>$ sudo apt update</code> before this so that you'll have the most up-to-date updates.

* '''apt autoremove''': Uninstalls all dependencies that are no longer needed for packages you've installed. For example, if package x depends on package y, and you remove package x, you can use <code>$ sudo apt autoremove</code> to remove package y.

* '''add-apt-repository''': Adds a new location to look for package information. apt comes with a preinstalled set of standard repositories, but to extend the amount of software you can install, you'll need to add new repositories.

Typically, if you want to install something from online (and it's available for Linux), it will have code snippets you can run to use apt to install it.

== Useful Command-Line Utilities ==

Following are some useful programs you can run at the command line for various purposes:

=== Text Editors ===

Command-line editors are useful for making quick edits to files without making any new windows.

* '''nano''': The most "modernized" common command-line editor. You can navigate through a file using the arrow keys, and type your changes just like you would in a notepad software. Also comes with a list of keyboard shortcuts that always shows up at the bottom (The ^ symbol means "ctrl+").

* '''vim''' (or '''vi'''): Useful for making complex changes in large files. Has a harder learning curve than nano, as it uses different "modes" with different keybindings.

* '''emacs''': Has keybinds optimized for quick navigation through files.

=== Misc. ===

* '''top''': Shows you information about your system as a whole, and processes running on it. You can install "htop" to make this look nicer.

* '''man''': Shows you the '''man'''ual for a given Linux command. Very useful for if you're not sure how something works or what arguments it needs.

* '''grep''': Searches through text to find matches. Useful for if you have a very large result of a command, or a very large file, and want to find a specific part, or a part about a specific keyword.

== Conclusion ==

This document was intended to give a full basis for a wide variety of uses of Linux. If you have any further questions, or are confused about anything on this page, ask anyone in the Rose-Hulman Linux Users Group.

Setting up Printers

2025-10-29T21:11:04Z

192.168.122.1: Added ArchWiki page for Samba

You can easily print '''on Rose-Hulman's campus''' using Papercut. '''You need to be connected to the eduroam Wi-Fi network to print.'''

You will need the <code>cups</code>, <code>samba</code> and <code>system-config-printer</code> packages.

To check this, in Ubuntu/Debian-based distributions with the apt package manager, type <code>sudo apt-get install cups samba system-config-printer</code>. This will install the required dependencies on your system.

In Arch Linux based distributions (Manjaro, EndeavourOS, Parabola, etc.), type <code>sudo pacman -S cups samba</code>. For Arch you will also need to configure samba. The [https://git.samba.org/samba.git/?p=samba.git;a=blob_plain;f=examples/smb.conf.default;hb=HEAD default configuration] should be fine. More directions for installing the default configuration are available on the [https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Samba Samba ArchWiki] page under section 1.1 - Installation.

= Initial Setup =
You must be logged into the eduroam network. These tutorials assume you have cups already installed on your system. When you setup printers on your laptop, there are two available print queues. One is for black and white printing and one for printing to the library. You only need to add these two to your system and you should be able to use any printer on campus by scanning that printer's QR code to release the job. The hostnames for the queues are:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!URL
!Printers
|-
|Color Print Queue
|print.rose-hulman.edu/RHIT%20Library%20Color%20Printing
|Library Color Printer
|-
|Black & White Print Queue
|print.rose-hulman.edu/RHIT%20BW%20Printing
|All other campus printers
|}

==Via <code>system-config-printer</code>==

Using the terminal, run <code>system-config-printer</code>

Click the unlock button in the top right corner and input your password in the popup.

Click Add

In the new window, expand Network Printer and choose Windows Printer via SAMBA

In the address box enter ether the Color or Black & White URL

Select Set authentication details now and add your Rose-Hulman password and set the username as <code>rose-hulman.edu\[your user name]</code>

Do not click the Verify button, it will always report a failure even if everything is correct
[[File:2025 printer network settings.png|none|thumb|479x479px|printer setup network settings]]
Click Forward

Leave the driver selection on Generic
[[File:Driver selection 1.png|alt=driver selection page 1|none|thumb|478x478px|driver selection page 1]]
Click Forward

Select PostScript from the left box
[[File:Driver selection 2.png|alt=page 2 of driver selection|none|thumb|479x479px|page 2 of driver selection]]
Click Forward

Check the Duplexer box

Click Forward

Give the printer a name such as BWprinting
[[File:Printer naming.png|alt=page for naming the printer|none|thumb|478x478px|page for naming the printer]]
Click apply

Choose yes to printing a test page

The page should report as printing successfully

Click on on the Printer Properties window

Go to https://print.rose-hulman.edu:9192/

Login with your rose username and password

select "Jobs Pending Release" from the menu on the left

You should see (Test Page) in the print que
[[File:Papercut showing test page.png|none|thumb|643x643px|papercut showing test page in queue]]
Cancel the print job

If the print job exists you can now print from any application to the newly added printer and then use Papercut to print it from any of the printers on campus

=Troubleshooting =

== Rose-Hulman provided resources ==
[https://rose-hulman.microsoftcrmportals.com/knowledgebase/article/KA-01361/en-us How to print from Ubuntu]

[https://rose-hulman.microsoftcrmportals.com/knowledgebase/article/KA-01362/en-us How to print from a Mac]

[https://rose-hulman.microsoftcrmportals.com/knowledgebase/article/KA-01154/en-us How to print from a personal Windows device]

[https://rose-hulman.microsoftcrmportals.com/knowledgebase/article/KA-01358/en-us How to print from your provided Thinkpad]

==Can't print==
Make sure cups is enabled in a terminal: <code>sudo systemctl status cups</code>. If it says it's disabled or stopped, try typing: <code>sudo systemctl enable cups && sudo systemctl start cups</code>

== Paper looks weird==
Make sure you have selected Letter paper and not A4 paper in your printer settings and make that the default. That will make the page margins appear less "airy" on real paper. Sometimes Linux defaults to A4 when setting up a printer for the first time.

Setting up Printers

2025-10-27T19:12:12Z

192.168.122.1: updated for 2025

You can easily print '''on Rose-Hulman's campus''' using Papercut. '''You need to be connected to the eduroam Wi-Fi network to print.'''

You will need the <code>cups</code>, <code>samba</code> and <code>system-config-printer</code> packages.

To check this, in Ubuntu/Debian-based distributions with the apt package manager, type <code>sudo apt-get install cups samba system-config-printer</code>. This will install the required dependencies on your system.

In Arch Linux based distributions (Manjaro, EndeavourOS, Parabola, etc.), type <code>sudo pacman -S cups samba</code>. For Arch you will also need to configure samba. The [https://git.samba.org/samba.git/?p=samba.git;a=blob_plain;f=examples/smb.conf.default;hb=HEAD default configuration] should be fine.

= Initial Setup =
You must be logged into the eduroam network. These tutorials assume you have cups already installed on your system. When you setup printers on your laptop, there are two available print queues. One is for black and white printing and one for printing to the library. You only need to add these two to your system and you should be able to use any printer on campus by scanning that printer's QR code to release the job. The hostnames for the queues are:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!URL
!Printers
|-
|Color Print Queue
|print.rose-hulman.edu/RHIT%20Library%20Color%20Printing
|Library Color Printer
|-
|Black & White Print Queue
|print.rose-hulman.edu/RHIT%20BW%20Printing
|All other campus printers
|}

==Via <code>system-config-printer</code>==

Using the terminal, run <code>system-config-printer</code>

Click the unlock button in the top right corner and input your password in the popup.

Click Add

In the new window, expand Network Printer and choose Windows Printer via SAMBA

In the address box enter ether the Color or Black & White URL

Select Set authentication details now and add your Rose-Hulman password and set the username as rose-hulman.edu\[your user name]

Do not click the Verify button, it will always report a failure even if everything is correct
[[File:Printer network settings.png|none|thumb|476x476px|printer network settings]]

Click Forward

Leave the driver selection on Generic
[[File:Driver selection 1.png|alt=driver selection page 1|none|thumb|478x478px|driver selection page 1]]
Click Forward

Select PostScript from the left box
[[File:Driver selection 2.png|alt=page 2 of driver selection|none|thumb|479x479px|page 2 of driver selection]]
Click Forward

Check the Duplexer box

Click Forward

Give the printer a name such as BWprinting
[[File:Printer naming.png|alt=page for naming the printer|none|thumb|478x478px|page for naming the printer]]
Click apply

Choose yes to printing a test page

The page should report as printing successfully

Click on on the Printer Properties window

Go to https://print.rose-hulman.edu:9192/

Login with your rose username and password

select "Jobs Pending Release" from the menu on the left

You should see (Test Page) in the print que
[[File:Papercut websight.png|alt=Papercut web sight showing a test page in the que|none|thumb|636x636px|Papercut web sight]]
Cancel the print job

If the print job exists you can now print from any application to the newly added printer and then use Papercut to send it to any of the printers on campus

=Troubleshooting =

== Rose-Hulman provided resources ==
[https://rose-hulman.microsoftcrmportals.com/knowledgebase/article/KA-01361/en-us How to print from Ubuntu]

[https://rose-hulman.microsoftcrmportals.com/knowledgebase/article/KA-01362/en-us How to print from a Mac]

[https://rose-hulman.microsoftcrmportals.com/knowledgebase/article/KA-01154/en-us How to print from a personal Windows device]

[https://rose-hulman.microsoftcrmportals.com/knowledgebase/article/KA-01358/en-us How to print from your provided Thinkpad]

==Can't print==
Make sure cups is enabled in a terminal: <code>sudo systemctl status cups</code>. If it says it's disabled or stopped, try typing: <code>sudo systemctl enable cups && sudo systemctl start cups</code>

== Paper looks weird==
Make sure you have selected Letter paper and not A4 paper in your printer settings and make that the default. That will make the page margins appear less "airy" on real paper. Sometimes Linux defaults to A4 when setting up a printer for the first time.

Installing MATLAB

2025-10-14T17:06:34Z

192.168.122.1: fixup

== Install MATLAB: ==

=== Install with MATLAB package manager ===
Replace `/usr/local/MATLAB/` with whatever you want, it may make more sense to have it in your home directory.

It needs to run with permission to edit files for authorization, if it is not owned by you run: <syntaxhighlight lang="sh">chmod -R 777 /usr/local/MATLAB/</syntaxhighlight>

==== Install your preferred release ====
you can make a new folder for each and have multiple or just use a single folder and overwrite your previous install

<syntaxhighlight lang="sh">mpm install --release=R2025b --destination=/usr/local/MATLAB/R2025b MATLAB Simulink Control_System_Toolbox</syntaxhighlight>

==== Authenticate ====
Include the lib after ':' if you needed an older version of a library like gnutls, you may also have to run this with bash as it specifies /bin/sh while using bashisms.<syntaxhighlight lang="sh">
LD_LIBRARY_PATH='/usr/lib/dri/:/usr/local/MATLAB/R2025b/lib/' /usr/local/MATLAB/R2025b/bin/glnxa64/MathWorksProductAuthorizer.sh
</syntaxhighlight>

=== General install tips ===

==== gnutls breaking changes ====
If you are running a bleeding edge distro you will have to downgrade gnutls to 3.8.9, can be found here for arch: https://archive.archlinux.org/packages/g/gnutls/gnutls-3.8.9-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst

Simply unzip all the *.so.[number] files into some sort of library directory specifically for MATLAB to preload it when launching MATLAB, something like `/usr/local/MATLAB/R2025b/lib` will do. Then in your .desktop file prepend <syntaxhighlight lang="sh">LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/dri/:/usr/local/MATLAB/R2025b/lib/</syntaxhighlight>

==== .desktop file tips ====
Copy the desktop file to your personal desktop file area to customize how it launches

<syntaxhighlight lang="sh">sudo cp /usr/share/applications/matlab.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/matlab.desktop && sudo chown [user] [user] ~/.local/share/applications/matlab.desktop</syntaxhighlight>

Change the exec line to keep existing preloads, directly call the file, and have the startup folder preference be respected:
<syntaxhighlight lang="sh" line="1">Exec=env 'LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/libfreetype.so:/usr/lib/libstdc++.so:/usr/lib/libfontconfig.so' LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/dri/ /usr/local/MATLAB/R2025b/bin/matlab -desktop -useStartupFolderPref</syntaxhighlight>

== UI size ==
In some 2025 release the ui zoom was disabled, you can set it in the MATLAB command window with:
<syntaxhighlight lang="matlab">settings().matlab.desktop.Zoom.PersonalValue=150</syntaxhighlight>

if you want to tab through the possible settings you can change run:

<syntaxhighlight lang="matlab">
s=settings
s.[ctrl+space/tab]</syntaxhighlight>

Installing MATLAB

2025-10-14T17:00:57Z

192.168.122.1: auth

== Install MATLAB: ==

=== Install with MATLAB package manager ===
Replace `/usr/local/MATLAB/` with whatever you want, it may make more sense to have it in your home directory.

It needs to run with permission to edit files for authorization, if it is not owned by you run: <syntaxhighlight lang="sh">chmod -R 777 /usr/local/MATLAB/</syntaxhighlight>

==== Install your preferred release ====
you can make a new folder for each and have multiple or just use a single folder and overwrite your previous install

<syntaxhighlight lang="sh">mpm install --release=R2025b --destination=/usr/local/MATLAB/R2025b MATLAB Simulink Control_System_Toolbox</syntaxhighlight>

==== Authenticate ====
Include the lib after ':' if you needed an older version of a library like gnutls, you may also have to run this with bash as it specifies /bin/sh while using bashisms.<syntaxhighlight lang="sh">
LD_LIBRARY_PATH='/usr/lib/dri/:/usr/local/MATLAB/R2025b/lib/' /usr/local/MATLAB/R2025b/bin/glnxa64/MathWorksProductAuthorizer.sh
</syntaxhighlight>

=== General install tips ===

==== gnutls breaking changes ====
If you are running a bleeding edge distro you will have to downgrade gnutls to 3.8.9, can be found here for arch: https://archive.archlinux.org/packages/g/gnutls/gnutls-3.8.9-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst

Simply unzip all the *.so.[number] files into some sort of library directory specifically for MATLAB to preload it when launching MATLAB, something like `/usr/local/MATLAB/R2025b/lib` will do. Then in your .desktop file prepend <syntaxhighlight lang="sh">LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/dri/:/usr/local/MATLAB/R2025b/lib/</syntaxhighlight>

==== .desktop file tips ====
Copy the desktop file to your personal desktop file area to customize how it launches

<syntaxhighlight lang="sh">sudo cp /usr/share/applications/matlab.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/matlab.desktop && sudo chown [user] [user] ~/.local/share/applications/matlab.desktop</syntaxhighlight>

change the exec line to keep existing preloads, directly call the the file, and have the startup folder preference be respected:
<syntaxhighlight lang="sh">Exec=env 'LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/libfreetype.so:/usr/lib/libstdc++.so:/usr/lib/libfontconfig.so' LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/dri/ /usr/local/MATLAB/R2025b/bin/matlab -desktop -useStartupFolderPref</syntaxhighlight>

== UI size ==
In some 2025 release the ui zoom was disabled, you can set it in the MATLAB command window with:
<syntaxhighlight lang="matlab">settings().matlab.desktop.Zoom.PersonalValue=150</syntaxhighlight>

if you want to tab through the possible settings you can change run:

<syntaxhighlight lang="matlab">
s=settings
s.[ctrl+space/tab]</syntaxhighlight>

Installing Maple

2025-10-14T00:19:42Z

192.168.122.1: Add instructions for HiDPI screens

== Connecting to DFS ==
In order to install Maple you must download the installer from the Rose-Hulman DFS (which stands for Distributed File System), which is like connecting to a virtual hard drive over the network. Rose-Hulman uses this virtual drive to store software.

1. To access the Rose-Hulman DFS, you will need to be on campus. If you are off campus, you will need to use the '''GlobalProtect VPN'''. '''Please see [[Accessing the Off-Campus VPN]] for more details.'''

2. '''For instructions on how to connect to DFS, please follow the tutorial in [[Accessing DFS]].'''

== Once You See Software in the dfs Folder ==

To get to the folder to install Maple, type the following command into SMBClient and press enter.

<code> cd Software/Linux_MacOSX_Apps/Maple </code>

Use ls to see the versions in the directory

<code> ls </code>

Now, as you can see, you will have two options of which version to install -- Maple 2024 or Maple 2025. (Older versions are no longer on DFS as of October 13, 2025.)

== Selecting a Version ==

It's best to select just one version to install at a time. Multiple installations may cause confusion if you run into errors (and probably won't work).

So, this tutorial will guide you through selecting one version to install.

If you want to install Maple 2024, type

<code> cd "Maple 2024" </code>

Otherwise, if you want to install Maple 2025, type

<code> cd "Maple 2025" </code>.

This will bring you to the directory that has the Maple install.

=== Troubleshooting ===
After you type <code>cd</code>, if you receive this error message:

<code>cd \Software\Linux_MacOSX_Apps\Maple\Maple\: NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_NOT_FOUND</code>

then that means you typed in the folder name wrong.

Note that using <code>\ </code> to escape space characters will not work with SMBClient. So, for example, <code> cd Maple\ 2025 </code> will not work.

Instead, you will need to use quotes in the full name, like this: <code>"Maple 2025"</code>. So, for example, <code> cd "Maple 2025" </code> will work.

== I changed my mind and I want a different version (Optional, only follow this if you actually changed your mind) ==

Simple. Just type <code> cd .. </code> to go up a folder (essentially undoing <code> cd "Maple 2024" </code> or <code> cd "Maple 2025" </code>), so you can now type either <code> cd "Maple 2024" </code> or <code> cd "Maple 2025" </code>.

== Getting the Installer ==

Use ls to see the files in the directory:

<code> ls </code>

Use the get command to download the Maple installer onto your computer into the /tmp directory. The command will change depending on which version you selected.

See the sections below for what command you will need to type depending on which version you selected.

'''WARNING: THIS WILL TAKE around 20-25 minutes (sometimes more!) depending on the speed of your Internet connection or how congested the SMB server is. Don't disconnect while this happens.'''

=== Maple 2024 version ===

<code> get Maple2024.1LinuxX64Installer.run /tmp/Maple2024.1LinuxX64Installer.run </code>

=== Maple 2025 version ===

<code> get Maple2025.0LinuxX64Installer.run /tmp/Maple2025.0LinuxX64Installer.run </code>

== What happens when downloading? ==

Nothing will show up on SMBClient while the installer is downloading. (Just a blank new line.) This is expected.

Once the download has completed, <code>smb: \Software\Linux_MacOSX_Apps\Maple\Maple 202V\> </code> (where V is either 4 or 5, depending on which version you selected) should show up again.

'''However, if you see something like'''

smb: \Software\Linux_MacOSX_Apps\Maple\Maple 2025\> getting file \Software\Linux_MacOSX_Apps\Maple\Maple 2025\Maple2025.0LinuxX64Installer.run of size 3757427926 as /tmp/Maple2025.0LinuxX64Installer.run SMBecho failed (NT_STATUS_CONNECTION_RESET). The connection is disconnected now

'''then you have an unreliable connection. Please follow the troubleshooting steps at [[Accessing DFS#NT_STATUS_CONNECTION_RESET_when_downloading_files]].'''

== Installing Maple ==

You can now exit from SMB by typing <code>exit</code> and pressing ENTER.

Now you will find the Maple installer in the /tmp directory.

By default the installer file will have read and write privileges but not execute privileges. You can verify this by running <code>ls -l</code> on the file itself:

Maple 2024: <code> ls -l /tmp/Maple2024.1LinuxX64Installer.run </code>

Maple 2025: <code> ls -l /tmp/Maple2025.0LinuxX64Installer.run </code>

which will show

<code> -rw-rw-r--. 1 USERNAME USERNAME FILE_SIZE DATE /tmp/Maple202V.0LinuxX64Installer.run </code> (where V is either 4 or 5, depending on which version you selected).

the <code>-rw-rw-r--.</code> indicates that there are read and write privileges for the user and the group and read privilages for all other users.

We will use the "chmod" command to change this file permission to be executable. We use "+x" to indicate to add executable permissions.

Maple 2024: <code> chmod +x /tmp/Maple2024.1LinuxX64Installer.run </code>

Maple 2025: <code> chmod +x /tmp/Maple2025.0LinuxX64Installer.run </code>

Now to run the installer you can type in the command line

Maple 2024: <code> /tmp/Maple2024.1LinuxX64Installer.run </code>

Maple 2025: <code> /tmp/Maple2025.0LinuxX64Installer.run </code>

From here a graphical UI will appear and you can follow those instructions to install Maple.

You have to use the network install rather than the stand alone. The license server is <code>maplelm-hv.rose-hulman.edu</code> (tested in 10/2025) and use the default port (usually 27000). (Source: https://www.maplesoft.com/documentation_center/maple2017/Maple2017.pdf, https://www.reddit.com/r/rosehulman/comments/4hm1vb/maple_on_linux/).

This means that you have to be on the campus network to access the Maple license server on Linux (to use Rose-Hulman's license of Maple). You can do this by connecting to the eduroam network on campus or by using the '''GlobalProtect VPN''' when off campus (please see [[Accessing the Off-Campus VPN]] for how to do that).

(This is not the case for Windows on your Rose-Hulman laptop, you are given a license key pre-installed on your Windows install from EIT.)

== Using a HiDPI screen ==

When using a HiDPI screen (like on a personal laptop or an older Rose-Hulman Thinkpad), you must adjust the scaling for the UI elements to scale properly. Open <code>/.local/share/Maple/bin/maple</code> in a text editor, and append <code> -Dsun.java2d.uiScale=2.0</code> inside the quotes on the line starting with <code>JVM_OPTIONS</code> (should be on line 64). This should fix the UI elements showing up very small on HiDPI screens.

Sources:

https://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/SMB-HOWTO-8.html

https://help.lafayette.edu/accessing-file-shares-from-linux/ (method 1)

Installing Maple

2025-10-14T00:12:49Z

192.168.122.1: Update 2018/2019 Maple to 2024/2025

== Connecting to DFS ==
In order to install Maple you must download the installer from the Rose-Hulman DFS (which stands for Distributed File System), which is like connecting to a virtual hard drive over the network. Rose-Hulman uses this virtual drive to store software.

1. To access the Rose-Hulman DFS, you will need to be on campus. If you are off campus, you will need to use the '''GlobalProtect VPN'''. '''Please see [[Accessing the Off-Campus VPN]] for more details.'''

2. '''For instructions on how to connect to DFS, please follow the tutorial in [[Accessing DFS]].'''

== Once You See Software in the dfs Folder ==

To get to the folder to install Maple, type the following command into SMBClient and press enter.

<code> cd Software/Linux_MacOSX_Apps/Maple </code>

Use ls to see the versions in the directory

<code> ls </code>

Now, as you can see, you will have two options of which version to install -- Maple 2024 or Maple 2025. (Older versions are no longer on DFS as of October 13, 2025.)

== Selecting a Version ==

It's best to select just one version to install at a time. Multiple installations may cause confusion if you run into errors (and probably won't work).

So, this tutorial will guide you through selecting one version to install.

If you want to install Maple 2024, type

<code> cd "Maple 2024" </code>

Otherwise, if you want to install Maple 2025, type

<code> cd "Maple 2025" </code>.

This will bring you to the directory that has the Maple install.

=== Troubleshooting ===
After you type <code>cd</code>, if you receive this error message:

<code>cd \Software\Linux_MacOSX_Apps\Maple\Maple\: NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_NOT_FOUND</code>

then that means you typed in the folder name wrong.

Note that using <code>\ </code> to escape space characters will not work with SMBClient. So, for example, <code> cd Maple\ 2025 </code> will not work.

Instead, you will need to use quotes in the full name, like this: <code>"Maple 2025"</code>. So, for example, <code> cd "Maple 2025" </code> will work.

== I changed my mind and I want a different version (Optional, only follow this if you actually changed your mind) ==

Simple. Just type <code> cd .. </code> to go up a folder (essentially undoing <code> cd "Maple 2024" </code> or <code> cd "Maple 2025" </code>), so you can now type either <code> cd "Maple 2024" </code> or <code> cd "Maple 2025" </code>.

== Getting the Installer ==

Use ls to see the files in the directory:

<code> ls </code>

Use the get command to download the Maple installer onto your computer into the /tmp directory. The command will change depending on which version you selected.

See the sections below for what command you will need to type depending on which version you selected.

'''WARNING: THIS WILL TAKE around 20-25 minutes (sometimes more!) depending on the speed of your Internet connection or how congested the SMB server is. Don't disconnect while this happens.'''

=== Maple 2024 version ===

<code> get Maple2024.1LinuxX64Installer.run /tmp/Maple2024.1LinuxX64Installer.run </code>

=== Maple 2025 version ===

<code> get Maple2025.0LinuxX64Installer.run /tmp/Maple2025.0LinuxX64Installer.run </code>

== What happens when downloading? ==

Nothing will show up on SMBClient while the installer is downloading. (Just a blank new line.) This is expected.

Once the download has completed, <code>smb: \Software\Linux_MacOSX_Apps\Maple\Maple 202V\> </code> (where V is either 4 or 5, depending on which version you selected) should show up again.

'''However, if you see something like'''

smb: \Software\Linux_MacOSX_Apps\Maple\Maple 2025\> getting file \Software\Linux_MacOSX_Apps\Maple\Maple 2025\Maple2025.0LinuxX64Installer.run of size 3757427926 as /tmp/Maple2025.0LinuxX64Installer.run SMBecho failed (NT_STATUS_CONNECTION_RESET). The connection is disconnected now

'''then you have an unreliable connection. Please follow the troubleshooting steps at [[Accessing DFS#NT_STATUS_CONNECTION_RESET_when_downloading_files]].'''

== Installing Maple ==

You can now exit from SMB by typing <code>exit</code> and pressing ENTER.

Now you will find the Maple installer in the /tmp directory.

By default the installer file will have read and write privileges but not execute privileges. You can verify this by running <code>ls -l</code> on the file itself:

Maple 2024: <code> ls -l /tmp/Maple2024.1LinuxX64Installer.run </code>

Maple 2025: <code> ls -l /tmp/Maple2025.0LinuxX64Installer.run </code>

which will show

<code> -rw-rw-r--. 1 USERNAME USERNAME FILE_SIZE DATE /tmp/Maple202V.0LinuxX64Installer.run </code> (where V is either 4 or 5, depending on which version you selected).

the <code>-rw-rw-r--.</code> indicates that there are read and write privileges for the user and the group and read privilages for all other users.

We will use the "chmod" command to change this file permission to be executable. We use "+x" to indicate to add executable permissions.

Maple 2024: <code> chmod +x /tmp/Maple2024.1LinuxX64Installer.run </code>

Maple 2025: <code> chmod +x /tmp/Maple2025.0LinuxX64Installer.run </code>

Now to run the installer you can type in the command line

Maple 2024: <code> /tmp/Maple2024.1LinuxX64Installer.run </code>

Maple 2025: <code> /tmp/Maple2025.0LinuxX64Installer.run </code>

From here a graphical UI will appear and you can follow those instructions to install Maple.

You have to use the network install rather than the stand alone. The license server is <code>maplelm-hv.rose-hulman.edu</code> (tested in 10/2025) and use the default port (usually 27000). (Source: https://www.maplesoft.com/documentation_center/maple2017/Maple2017.pdf, https://www.reddit.com/r/rosehulman/comments/4hm1vb/maple_on_linux/).

This means that you have to be on the campus network to access the Maple license server on Linux (to use Rose-Hulman's license of Maple). You can do this by connecting to the eduroam network on campus or by using the '''GlobalProtect VPN''' when off campus (please see [[Accessing the Off-Campus VPN]] for how to do that).

(This is not the case for Windows on your Rose-Hulman laptop, you are given a license key pre-installed on your Windows install from EIT.)

Sources:

https://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/SMB-HOWTO-8.html

https://help.lafayette.edu/accessing-file-shares-from-linux/ (method 1)

Reveal the Amazing World

2025-09-08T10:15:21Z

192.168.122.1: Created page with "== Reveal the Amazing World == Discover the Magical World of wine from Moldova https://i.postimg.cc/yx1cMyWR/654y7tyryu656756ut.jpg Why Moldova’s wine estates Is Worth Visiting If you are looking for a truly amazing journey, look no further than [https://carlevana.md/en/where-to-buy-wine/ buy wine in Chisinau]. This modest yet powerful country has become a top player in authentic wine production. The land is famous for fertile soil and a climate that improves grape..."

== Reveal the Amazing World ==
Discover the Magical World of wine from Moldova

https://i.postimg.cc/yx1cMyWR/654y7tyryu656756ut.jpg

Why Moldova’s wine estates Is Worth Visiting

If you are looking for a truly amazing journey, look no further than [https://carlevana.md/en/where-to-buy-wine/ buy wine in Chisinau]. This modest yet powerful country has become a top player in authentic wine production. The land is famous for fertile soil and a climate that improves grape quality year after year. Experts evaluate Moldovian wine on the global stage, and many visitors describe it as a hidden treasure worth discovering.

Premium Wine Tours – A Magical Experience

One of the most unique opportunities for travelers is to join a guided wine trip. Guests can enjoy traditional cellars, experience limited-edition bottles, and witness centuries-old traditions. Such tours are not only about sampling; they represent knowledge, history, and bond with the land. Secure your spot, because availability is short, and this chance may soon be finished.

Highlights During a wine journey

• A exclusive visit to underground wine cities where vast collections of bottles are preserved.
• Professional tastings of certified Moldovian wine.
• Direct advice from sommeliers who reveal the mystery of pairing.
• The chance to purchase bottles directly from the producers, often at better prices than retail.

Rare vintages – A Treasure Worth Keeping

https://i.postimg.cc/QCf1hKWy/654y7ytry654.jpg

True enthusiasts know the value of special vintages. Moldova presents limited vintages that not only please the palate, but also become a secure investment. Each bottle brings tradition — some amazing, some unexpected — but all special. Judge your own experience with global collections, and you will realize why experts call Moldovian cellars remarkable.

Why Buying Moldovian Wine is a Perfect Option

1. Officially approved – every bottle is tested and guaranteed safe.
2. Rare collections – limited amounts available only for dedicated buyers.
3. Direct access – you can order bottles online or directly during a tour.
4. Amazing range – from traditional bottles to modern creations.

Summary – Don’t Miss the Chance

https://i.postimg.cc/dQ688pSj/654y76ryutry654.jpg

In the world of wine, timing is crucial. Some chances appear once in a lifetime. Moldova now invites you to taste, try, and establish your own collection. Whether you want to visit a Moldovian vineyard, visit Moldova’s wine estates, or simply get Moldovian wine for your family table, the experience is guaranteed to be magical. Hurry up, because such opportunities are not endless.

CSSE120 - Intro to Software Development

2025-03-14T04:28:45Z

192.168.122.1: /* Class Description */

== Class Description ==
This class will introduce you to the basic programming concepts in Python (loops, conditions, variables, etc.). Most of the content is learned through the videos, and class time is usually used to work on homework. The three exams are night exams (EDIT: looks like not anymore), which consist of a paper part (where you're able to make a cheat sheet) and a coding part, with an optional final. The final project consists of creating a game of your choice in Python in a group of three.

{| class="wikitable"
|Reading
|
|-
|Homework
|Weekly
|-
|Exams
|3
|-
|Final Exam
|Yes (Optional)
|-
|Final Project
|Yes
|-
|Flipped Classroom
| Yes
|}

Disabling Bitlocker

2025-02-05T20:43:40Z

192.168.122.1: added more instructions

In order to dual-boot Linux on a RHIT laptop, it is recommended to disable BitLocker (and Secure Boot). To do so on a RHIT Laptop, perform the following steps.

1. Get your BitLocker recovery key in case any issues arise. To do so, go to [https://aka.ms/aadrecoverykey](https://aka.ms/aadrecoverykey)

![https://rhit-lug-bucket.s3.us-east-005.backblazeb2.com/Screenshot+2024-10-14+194806.png](Picture of my account page)

Click Devices -> <click your device> -> View BitLocker Keys, copy this onto a mobile device or somewhere NOT on your RHIT computer. This will be required if something goes wrong when disabling BitLocker.

2. Search for "Manage BitLocker" in the search bar and click the "Manage BitLocker" Control Panel entry. Then click "Turn off BitLocker" and follow the prompts provided. Wait for the BitLocker drive encryption to be disabled. Note that you are not done after this due to the Rose-Hulman MDM configuration.
3. Next, go to the search bar, and type "services.msc". Find "BitLocker Drive Encryption Service". Right-click this entry and click Properties, then set Startup Type to Disabled.
4. Search for "Group Policy Editor" and click "edit group policy", and navigate to Computer Configuration > Administrative Templates > Windows Components > Bitlocker drive encryption. In fixed data drives, OS drives, and probably also removable drives just to be safe, disable "Enforce drive encryption type", "configure use of hardware based encryption", and other ones that are directly related to the configuration and enabling of bitlocker

CSSE220 - Object Oriented Programming

2024-10-14T23:57:30Z

192.168.122.1: /* Class Description */

== Class Description ==
Object-oriented programming concepts, including the use of inheritance, interfaces, polymorphism, abstract data types, and encapsulation to enable software reuse and assist in software maintenance. Recursion, GUIs and event handing. Use of common object-based data structures, including stacks, queues, lists, trees, sets, maps, and hash tables. Space/time efficiency analysis. Testing. Introduction to UML.
The exam is separated into two days. First day is the written part in gradescope and the second day is the programming part. There is also a take home portion that you will have couple of days to finish
The final project is either creating an arcade game using object oriented principles (the game changes every year) or doing a genetic algorithm research project.
{| class="wikitable"
|Reading
|Recommended
|-
|Homework
|~2 per week
|-
|Exams
|2
|-
|Final Exam
|Yes
|-
|Final Project
|Yes
|-
|Flipped Classroom
|No
|}

== Advice for Students Taking CSSE220 ==

Setting up Printers

2024-10-04T14:59:57Z

192.168.122.1: formatting fix

You can easily print '''on Rose-Hulman's campus''' using Papercut. '''You need to be connected to the eduroam Wi-Fi network to print.'''

You will need the <code>cups</code>, <code>samba</code> and <code>system-config-printer</code> packages.

To check this, in Ubuntu/Debian-based distributions with the apt package manager, type <code>sudo apt-get install cups samba system-config-printer</code>. This will install the required dependencies on your system.

In Arch Linux based distributions (Manjaro, EndeavourOS, Parabola, etc.), type <code>sudo pacman -S cups samba</code>. For Arch you will also need to configure samba. The [https://git.samba.org/samba.git/?p=samba.git;a=blob_plain;f=examples/smb.conf.default;hb=HEAD default configuration] should be fine.

= Initial Setup =
You must be logged into the eduroam network. These tutorials assume you have cups already installed on your system. When you setup printers on your laptop, there are two available print queues. One is for black and white printing and one for printing to the library. You only need to add these two to your system and you should be able to use any printer on campus by scanning that printer's QR code to release the job. The hostnames for the queues are:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!URL
!Printers
|-
|Color Print Queue
|print.rose-hulman.edu/RHIT%20Library%20Color%20Printing
|Library Color Printer
|-
|Black & White Print Queue
|print.rose-hulman.edu/RHIT%20BW%20Printing
|All other campus printers
|}

==Via <code>system-config-printer</code>==

Using the terminal, run <code>system-config-printer</code>

Click the unlock button in the top right corner and input your password in the popup.

Click Add

In the new window, expand Network Printer and choose Windows Printer via SAMBA

In the address box enter ether the Color or Black & White URL

Select Set authentication details now and add your Rose-Hulman username and password

Do not click the Verify button, it will always report a failure even if everything is correct
[[File:Printer network settings.png|none|thumb|476x476px|printer network settings]]

Click Forward

Leave the driver selection on Generic
[[File:Driver selection 1.png|alt=driver selection page 1|none|thumb|478x478px|driver selection page 1]]
Click Forward

Select PostScript from the left box
[[File:Driver selection 2.png|alt=page 2 of driver selection|none|thumb|479x479px|page 2 of driver selection]]
Click Forward

Check the Duplexer box

Click Forward

Give the printer a name such as BWprinting
[[File:Printer naming.png|alt=page for naming the printer|none|thumb|478x478px|page for naming the printer]]
Click apply

Choose yes to printing a test page

The page should report as printing successfully

Click on on the Printer Properties window

Go to https://print.rose-hulman.edu:9192/mobile/release?#printers

Login with your rose username and password

Click on the printer you want to print from

You should see (Test Page) in the print que
[[File:Papercut websight.png|alt=Papercut web sight showing a test page in the que|none|thumb|636x636px|Papercut web sight]]
Cancel the print job

If the print job exists you can now print from any application to the newly added printer and then use Papercut to send it to any of the printers on campus

=Troubleshooting =

== Rose-Hulman provided resources ==
[https://rose-hulman.microsoftcrmportals.com/knowledgebase/article/KA-01361/en-us How to print from Ubuntu]

[https://rose-hulman.microsoftcrmportals.com/knowledgebase/article/KA-01362/en-us How to print from a Mac]

[https://rose-hulman.microsoftcrmportals.com/knowledgebase/article/KA-01154/en-us How to print from a personal Windows device]

[https://rose-hulman.microsoftcrmportals.com/knowledgebase/article/KA-01358/en-us How to print from your provided Thinkpad]

==Can't print==
Make sure cups is enabled in a terminal: <code>sudo systemctl status cups</code>. If it says it's disabled or stopped, try typing: <code>sudo systemctl enable cups && sudo systemctl start cups</code>

== Paper looks weird==
Make sure you have selected Letter paper and not A4 paper in your printer settings and make that the default. That will make the page margins appear less "airy" on real paper. Sometimes Linux defaults to A4 when setting up a printer for the first time.

Setting up Printers

2024-10-04T14:59:33Z

192.168.122.1: Add system-config-printer as a dependency

You can easily print '''on Rose-Hulman's campus''' using Papercut. '''You need to be connected to the eduroam Wi-Fi network to print.'''

You will need the <code>cups,</code> <code>samba</code> and <code>system-config-printer</code> packages.

To check this, in Ubuntu/Debian-based distributions with the apt package manager, type <code>sudo apt-get install cups samba system-config-printer</code>. This will install the required dependencies on your system.

In Arch Linux based distributions (Manjaro, EndeavourOS, Parabola, etc.), type <code>sudo pacman -S cups samba</code>. For Arch you will also need to configure samba. The [https://git.samba.org/samba.git/?p=samba.git;a=blob_plain;f=examples/smb.conf.default;hb=HEAD default configuration] should be fine.

= Initial Setup =
You must be logged into the eduroam network. These tutorials assume you have cups already installed on your system. When you setup printers on your laptop, there are two available print queues. One is for black and white printing and one for printing to the library. You only need to add these two to your system and you should be able to use any printer on campus by scanning that printer's QR code to release the job. The hostnames for the queues are:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!URL
!Printers
|-
|Color Print Queue
|print.rose-hulman.edu/RHIT%20Library%20Color%20Printing
|Library Color Printer
|-
|Black & White Print Queue
|print.rose-hulman.edu/RHIT%20BW%20Printing
|All other campus printers
|}

==Via <code>system-config-printer</code>==

Using the terminal, run <code>system-config-printer</code>

Click the unlock button in the top right corner and input your password in the popup.

Click Add

In the new window, expand Network Printer and choose Windows Printer via SAMBA

In the address box enter ether the Color or Black & White URL

Select Set authentication details now and add your Rose-Hulman username and password

Do not click the Verify button, it will always report a failure even if everything is correct
[[File:Printer network settings.png|none|thumb|476x476px|printer network settings]]

Click Forward

Leave the driver selection on Generic
[[File:Driver selection 1.png|alt=driver selection page 1|none|thumb|478x478px|driver selection page 1]]
Click Forward

Select PostScript from the left box
[[File:Driver selection 2.png|alt=page 2 of driver selection|none|thumb|479x479px|page 2 of driver selection]]
Click Forward

Check the Duplexer box

Click Forward

Give the printer a name such as BWprinting
[[File:Printer naming.png|alt=page for naming the printer|none|thumb|478x478px|page for naming the printer]]
Click apply

Choose yes to printing a test page

The page should report as printing successfully

Click on on the Printer Properties window

Go to https://print.rose-hulman.edu:9192/mobile/release?#printers

Login with your rose username and password

Click on the printer you want to print from

You should see (Test Page) in the print que
[[File:Papercut websight.png|alt=Papercut web sight showing a test page in the que|none|thumb|636x636px|Papercut web sight]]
Cancel the print job

If the print job exists you can now print from any application to the newly added printer and then use Papercut to send it to any of the printers on campus

=Troubleshooting =

== Rose-Hulman provided resources ==
[https://rose-hulman.microsoftcrmportals.com/knowledgebase/article/KA-01361/en-us How to print from Ubuntu]

[https://rose-hulman.microsoftcrmportals.com/knowledgebase/article/KA-01362/en-us How to print from a Mac]

[https://rose-hulman.microsoftcrmportals.com/knowledgebase/article/KA-01154/en-us How to print from a personal Windows device]

[https://rose-hulman.microsoftcrmportals.com/knowledgebase/article/KA-01358/en-us How to print from your provided Thinkpad]

==Can't print==
Make sure cups is enabled in a terminal: <code>sudo systemctl status cups</code>. If it says it's disabled or stopped, try typing: <code>sudo systemctl enable cups && sudo systemctl start cups</code>

== Paper looks weird==
Make sure you have selected Letter paper and not A4 paper in your printer settings and make that the default. That will make the page margins appear less "airy" on real paper. Sometimes Linux defaults to A4 when setting up a printer for the first time.